The fact that generating, copying, and disseminating digital documents can be done in a technically easy way has significantly strengthened the emerging Open Access movement, i.e. the demand to provide anybody free and fast access to the scientific publications resulting from publicly funded research. However, e-Science does not necessarily mean Open Access. Access is open for those authorized by the creator of the objects. Access rights can be managed in the same way as with commercial applications. FIZ Karlsruhe’s e-Science solutions support the build-up of Open Access repositories as well as those with limited access rights.